G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ya\u015fam\u0131n her alan\u0131nda s\u0131kl\u0131kla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan \u2018kumar ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131k sadece bir al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131ktan ibaret olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 biliniyor. Yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar bu durumun zararlar\u0131n\u0131n sadece maddi kay\u0131plar olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve etki alan\u0131n da sadece eylemi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren ki\u015fi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n
Ayr\u0131ca, son g\u00fcnlerde kamuoyunu me\u015fgul eden ve soru\u015fturma kapsam\u0131nda ele al\u0131nan bir konunun da dolayl\u0131 olarak \u2018kumar ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na\u2019 ba\u011flanmas\u0131, toplumsal bilgi ve fark\u0131ndal\u0131k ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 bir kez daha a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. \u00d6zellikle kamuoyuna mal olmu\u015f bir ismin uzun y\u0131llara dayanan \u2018ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k\u2019 \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc ve iyilik ad\u0131 ile yap\u0131lanlar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda sergilenen damgalay\u0131c\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m, benzer sorunlar\u0131 ya\u015fayan bireylerin ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 gizlemesine ve profesyonel yard\u0131m almaktan \u00e7ekinmesine yol a\u00e7\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Konuyla ilgili de\u011ferlendirme yapan Klinik Psikolog Elif Sena \u00d6zata: \u201cKumar ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tedavinin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki \u00f6nemli engellerden biri ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n ki\u015finin kimli\u011fiyle \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015ftirilmesi ve ki\u015filer ile ailelerinin damgalanaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle ya\u015fanan sorunlar\u0131 gizlemesi, yard\u0131m aramay\u0131 ertelemesidir. Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmez bir ki\u015filik \u00f6zelli\u011fi ya da \u201ciflah olmazl\u0131k\u201d olarak ele al\u0131nmas\u0131, ki\u015fide iyile\u015fmeye dair umudunu azaltabilir, su\u00e7luluk ve utan\u00e7 duygular\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rarak sorunun daha uzun s\u00fcre saklanmas\u0131na neden olabilir. Bu nedenle hem tedavi s\u00fcrecinde hem de toplumsal dilde bireyi \u201ckumarbaz\u201d gibi ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile tan\u0131mlayan ifadelerden ka\u00e7\u0131nmak ve insan\u0131 merkeze alan ifadeler kullanmak \u00f6nemlidir.\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc, kumar ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 zararlar\u0131n finansal kay\u0131plarla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ili\u015fki sorunlar\u0131, aile i\u00e7i \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar, damgalanma ve yak\u0131nlar\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ekonomik ve psikolojik g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckleri de kapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor. Bu nedenle kumar ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yaln\u0131zca \u201cne kadar kaybetti?\u201d sorusuyla de\u011ferlendirmek, sorunun \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez k\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Prof. Dr. K\u00fcltegin <\/strong>\u00d6gel, kumar ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunu \u2018\u0130nsanlar kaybedeceklerini bildikleri halde neden oynuyorlar?\u2019 sorusu \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ele al\u0131yor. Prof. Dr. \u00d6gel; \u201cKumar ve bahis ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda beyin ve \u00f6ncelikleri de\u011fi\u015fir. Beyin yanl\u0131\u015f olsa da her \u015feyden \u00f6nce kumar ve bahise \u00f6nem vermeye ba\u015flar. Bunun en \u00f6nemli nedeni, beynin dopamin beklentisidir. Yani konu asl\u0131nda kazanmak de\u011fil, kazanma ihtimalidir. Dopamin beklentisi, di\u011fer t\u00fcm \u00f6nceliklerin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7er. Beyin art\u0131k hesaplayamaz, plan yapamaz, muhakeme edemez. Bu durum beynin yap\u0131sal de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finden kaynaklan\u0131r. Bilimsel olarak s\u00f6yleyecek olursak; beynin striatum beklentisinde dopamin beklentisi artar, bunun sonucu prefrontal korteks\u2019de \u00f6ncelikleri belirleme bozulur. Bu de\u011fi\u015fiklikler; kumar ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 90\u2019unda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bunu \u00f6l\u00e7en psikolojik testlerde, kumar ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131lar\u0131nda kumar ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131s\u0131 olmayanlara oranla y\u00fczde 40 daha fazla bozulma saptan\u0131yor. Beynin aktivasyonunda ise y\u00fczde 30 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6zleniyor.\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n Klinik Psikolog Elif Sena \u00d6zata ise kumar ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok boyutlu bir bozukluk olarak tan\u0131ml\u0131yor: \u201cKumar oynama s\u00fcrecinde artan maddi ve manevi kay\u0131plar, ki\u015fiyi tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir k\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fc \u00e7\u00f6zme m\u00fccadelesi i\u00e7inde hissettirir. D\u0131\u015far\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 \u201cher \u015fey yolunda\u201d maskesi i\u00e7in harcanan yo\u011fun bir zihinsel \u00e7aba g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu durum, zamanla bireylerde duygusal t\u00fckenmi\u015flik ve yorgunlu\u011fa yol a\u00e7ar. Beraberinde, uyku sorunlar\u0131, kayg\u0131 bozukluklar\u0131, depresyon, duygu dalgalanmalar\u0131 ve kimi zaman intihar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.\u201d <\/p>\n \u201cBA\u011eIMLILIK B\u0130R A\u0130LE HASTALI\u011eIDIR\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n Klinik Psikolo\u011fu Elif Sena \u00d6zata, ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir aile hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. Klinik Psikolog \u00d6zata, \u201cKumar\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu zaman ki\u015finin \u00e7evresinde g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen dalgalarla yay\u0131l\u0131r. E\u015fler, \u00e7ocuklar, ebeveynler ve di\u011fer yak\u0131nlar da finansal belirsizli\u011fin, bozulan g\u00fcvenin ve tekrar eden krizlerin i\u00e7inde ya\u015famaya ba\u015flayabilir. Kumar davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir ki\u015fiye ait olsa da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan sonu\u00e7lar aile b\u00fct\u00e7esini, ev i\u00e7indeki duygusal g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, ili\u015fkilerdeki rolleri ve gelece\u011fe ili\u015fkin ortak planlar\u0131 etkileyebilir. Bu nedenle, ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k bir aile hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r ve tedavi s\u00fcrecine yaln\u0131zca oynayan de\u011fil, etkilenen yak\u0131nlar\u0131n da kat\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir. \u00d6ncelikle ki\u015fiyi ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan her defas\u0131nda korumaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak, iyi niyetle yap\u0131lsa bile fark\u0131nda olmadan d\u00f6ng\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u00fcrmesine katk\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir. Bu nedenle s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirlenmesi ve profesyonel yard\u0131m al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir.\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n \u201cBA\u011eIMLILIKTA \u0130Y\u0130LE\u015eME KUMARIN BIRAKILMASI \u0130LE SINIRLI DE\u011e\u0130L\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n Kumar ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda iyile\u015fmenin sadece kumar\u0131n b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izen Klinik Psikolog Elif Sena \u00d6zata; \u201cTedavi, kumar oynama davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcren d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, duygu ve ko\u015fullar\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, riskli durumlarla ba\u015f etme becerilerinin geli\u015ftirilmesini ve ya\u015fam\u0131n yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 hedefler. Tedavinin ba\u015f\u0131nda, ki\u015fi ve ailesine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k hakk\u0131nda bilgilendirme sa\u011flanmal\u0131 ve yakla\u015f\u0131m bi\u00e7imlerinin etkisi vurgulanmad\u0131r. S\u00fcre\u00e7te ya\u015fanan zorlanmalar ya da yeniden oynama durumlar\u0131 da ki\u015finin de\u011fi\u015fmeyece\u011finin kan\u0131t\u0131 olarak de\u011fil, tedavi plan\u0131n yeniden de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerektiren durumlar olarak ele al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yeniden oynama sonras\u0131nda ki\u015fiyi su\u00e7lamak veya tedavinin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek yerine, bu duruma hangi tetikleyicilerin ve ko\u015fullar\u0131n yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 inceleyerek koruyucu plan g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmelidir. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, ki\u015filerin sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 daha erken payla\u015fabilmesini ve profesyonel deste\u011fe daha g\u00fcvenli bi\u00e7imde ula\u015fabilmesini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rabilir.<\/p>\n Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k s\u00fcrecinde ki\u015finin iradesini kullanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getiren Prof. Dr. K\u00fcltegin \u00d6gel de tedavi hakk\u0131nda: \u201cBa\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olduktan sonra verilen s\u00f6zlere g\u00fcven olmaz. Ki\u015fi iradesini kullanamaz. Kararlar\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131nda duramaz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc art\u0131k her \u015fey bozulan beynin kontrol\u00fc alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu nedenle, zorunlu k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar iyile\u015fme i\u00e7in \u015fartt\u0131r. \u0130la\u00e7lar bu bozulmay\u0131 zarars\u0131z hale getirmek i\u00e7in yararl\u0131d\u0131r. Psikoterapi ise, ki\u015finin bu hatal\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini g\u00f6rmesine ve bunlarla ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kma yollar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ya\u015fam\u0131n her alan\u0131nda s\u0131kl\u0131kla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan \u2018kumar ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131k sadece bir al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131ktan ibaret olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 biliniyor. Yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar bu durumun zararlar\u0131n\u0131n sadece maddi kay\u0131plar olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve etki alan\u0131n da sadece eylemi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren ki\u015fi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da ortaya koyuyor. Ayr\u0131ca, son g\u00fcnlerde kamuoyunu me\u015fgul eden ve soru\u015fturma kapsam\u0131nda ele al\u0131nan bir konunun da dolayl\u0131 olarak \u2018kumar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2575,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"video","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2574","post","type-post","status-publish","format-video","hentry","category-saglik","post_format-post-format-video"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.hostlys.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2574","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.hostlys.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.hostlys.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.hostlys.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.hostlys.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2574"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wp.hostlys.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2574\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.hostlys.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2575"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.hostlys.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2574"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.hostlys.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2574"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.hostlys.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2574"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}